Thyroid this organ (medical term: glandula thyroid) is found at the front of the neck, under the voice box. It is butterfly-shaped: The two side lobes lie against and around the windpipe (trachea) and are connected at the front by a narrow strip of tissue. The Glandula thyroid weighs between 20 and 60 grams on average.
It is encircled by two fibrous capsules. The outer capsule is attached to the voice box muscles and many important vessels and nerves. There is a loose connective tissue between the inner and the outer capsule, so the thyroid can move and change its position when we swallow.
The glandula thyroid tissue itself consists of a lot of small individual lobules that are enclosed in thin layers of connective tissue. These lobules contain a great number of small vesicles (sacs) – called follicles – which store thyroid hormones in the form of little droplets.
The function of the thyroid gland is to take iodine, found in many foods, and convert it into thyroid hormones: thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3). Thyroid cells are the only cells in the body which can absorb iodine. These cells combine iodine and the amino acid tyrosine to make T3 and T4.
The thyroid gland is a vital hormone gland: It plays a major role in the metabolism, growth and development of the human body. It helps to regulate many body mechanisms by constantly releasing a steady amount of thyroid hormones into the bloodstream. If the body needs more energy in certain situations. For instance, if it is growing or cold, or during pregnancy – the glandula thyroid gland produces more hormones.
The thyroid is a vital organ, but it’s exposed to complications frequently.
Types of Glandula Thyroid Disorders.
There are six main conditions associated with the thyroid gland
Hyperthyroidism.
This condition occurs when the gland secretes more thyroid hormone than what the body requires.
Hypothyroidism.
This condition is caused when the gland releases low levels of thyroid hormone.
Hashimoto’s disease.
It is also known as chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis.
Grave’s disease.
It is an autoimmune disorder.
Goiter.
Involves non-cancerous enlargement of the thyroid gland.
Thyroid nodules.
Nodules develop on or in the thyroid gland.
Symptoms of Thyroid Disorders.
The most widespread symptoms of thyroid disorders include:
Nervousness
Poor concentration
Menstrual changes
Bloating
Palpitations
Aches/pains
Weight gain
Heat intolerance
High cholesterol levels.
Thyroid Causes.
Some of the causes of thyroid disorders are as follows:
Iodine deficiency.
Thyroid gland inflammation (due to a virus or bacteria).
Autoimmune diseases (in which your immune system attacks your body).
Genetic disorders.
Medical treatments like thyroid surgery, radiation therapy and few medicines also lead to thyroid problems.
Cancerous tumors on the thyroid
Non-cancerous lumps or nodules inside the thyroid.
How to prevent thyroid disorders.
- Avoid stress as it interferes with the proper functioning of the thyroid. Activities like Yoga, Meditation, Tai Chi, or listening to relaxing can help reduce stress. In extreme cases, medicines can also be taken.
- Reduce caffeine intake, as caffeine can stress adrenal levels which can negatively affect your thyroid. Keep your consumption down to 1-2 cups per day.
- Include soy in your diet. soy is also known to interfere with the proper functioning of the thyroid and should be avoided.
- Exercises are very important to maintain a healthy thyroid. The thyroid can cause laziness and depression and therefore it is important to exercise regularly for at least 20 minutes. A good walk or a jog in your nearby park is important to maintain weight in hypothyroidism. Try to do brisk walking for at least 45 minutes.
- Avoid alcohol as it interferes with the function of thyroid as well as it may react with thyroid-related medication.
- Medication taken adequately is necessary for this condition. Consult a physician and regularly take medications. Follow-up with regular check-ups.
- Positive Outlook is also really vital while dealing with thyroid issues. Try to educate yourself and others. Read literature and watch documentaries that highlight thyroid diseases, so you are educated dealing with this problem.
- Rest at least 8-9 hours every day, thyroid problems can lead to fatigue, and therefore proper rest is essential to stay healthy. Try to go to bed early and rise early, so you get time for a proper exercise in clean environs.
- Ergonomics of the body is important since thyroid problem might cause calcium deficiency. Additionally, there is a greater risk of muscle weakness and joint pain.
- Along with regular exercise, diet, supplements, it’s also important to focus on posture. Since the long working hours in the office can cause muscular problems. This could also lead to muscular spasm, muscle tightness and in worst cases muscle weakness.
These were the basic “all you should know about thyroid) the mentioned tips and advice are good for thyroid patients to manage and maintain a healthy thyroid. With a healthy and positive approach, anyone can deal with the problem and lead healthy lives.
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